Deadly bird flu strain reaches Australian territory for the first time

Tuesday, 25 November 2025 15:45

Authorities have confirmed the deadly and highly contagious H5 bird flu has reached an extremely remote Australian territory for the first time.

Authorities have confirmed the highly contagious H5 bird flu has reached an extremely remote Australian territory for the first time.

Australian scientists noted unusually high mortality rates in elephant seals during an environmental management visit to Heard Island, about 4000km south-west of Perth and 1700km north of Antarctica, in October.

They did not observe any impacts on other wildlife on the island, including penguins and seabirds.

Testing of dead elephant seal samples has now confirmed the presence of H5 bird flu.

Agriculture Minister Julie Collins said the result was not unexpected due to the outbreak in nearby sub-Antarctic islands and does not significantly change the risk to mainland Australia.

She said the detection does, however, reiterate the importance of Australia's biosecurity.

"While this detection of H5 bird flu on Heard Island does not substantially increase risks to Australia, it does reinforce the ongoing need for Australia to remain focused on preparing for a potential outbreak," she said.

Environment Minister Murray Watt said the confirmation "reinforces the importance and urgency of the work currently underway across Australia to protect threatened species and priority biodiversity, and build resilience of our most at risk species in nature".

Australian scientists are on a second voyage to Heard Island to gather more information about wildlife health.

They are scheduled to arrive in late December and return to Hobart in February.

Australia has been the only continent free from the virus, which has spread across the US, Europe, Asia and Antarctica and caused serious illness and deaths in millions of wildlife.

The H5 bird flu only reached mainland Antarctica for the first time in February 2024, which caused experts to warn that it would almost certainly reach Australia.

Australia has been preparing for an outbreak, with the federal government throwing more than $100 million at strengthening the nation's measures and responses and researchers monitoring the global spread of the virus.

No people live on Heard Island, but it is home to penguins and seals.

States and territories are also helping the most threatened and vulnerable species to build resilience to the virus.

Springtime is a particularly precarious time, with birds migrating from the south arriving in Australia.

H5 bird flu would have a devastating effect on Australia's wildlife population and agricultural industries.

Threatened Species Commissioner Fiona Fraser has said the spread of the virus cannot not be able to be stopped or eradicated once it reaches Australia.

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